![]() The distinction between laytime and time on demurrage, however, seems to have eroded somewhat in this country during the past two decades. Time on demurrage is subject to fewer exceptions than is laytime thus, the running of time on demurrage is less likely to be interrupted. The extra time required to complete the cargo operations constitutes time on demurrage, and the charterer is liable to the shipowner for payment of demurrage. If laytime has expired, then the charterer has failed to comply with his obligation to perform cargo operations within the allowed laytime. Finally, laytime usually stops on the completion of cargo operations, if it has not yet expired. Once laytime commences, it generally does not run continuously weekends and weather-related work stoppages are typical exceptions to laytime. Although the commencement of laytime at a port is governed by the charter party, laytime never begins before the vessel is considered an arrived vessel. ![]() A charter party will allow a charterer responsible for cargo operations a certain amount of time to perform them. When such a charter party calls for loading, discharging, or both to be performed free of risk and expense to the vessel, the charterer of the vessel is responsible for performing these functions. Voyage charter parties give rise to the unique concept of laytime.
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